babybear 2011-11-26 01:05
西班牙流星級巡邏艦
西班牙流星級巡邏艦
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流星級巡邏艦首艦流星號（Meteoro P-41）
在2004年，西班牙海軍開始規劃新一代的多功能近海巡邏艦，此計畫稱為Buque de Accion Maritima Oceanico (BAM-Oceanico)，相當於英文的「海洋海事活動船艦」（Oceanic Maritime Action Ship）；因此，這個計畫又稱為BAM近海巡邏艦。BAM的主要功能包括洋面監視、維護海上治安秩序、環保污染防制、經濟海域維護、船隻海難或失事潛艦救援、人道救援、特種任務等等等，西班牙海軍還打算建造BAM的衍生型來擔負海洋研究與情報蒐集任務。
BAM的設計強調減少人力需求、降低系統複雜度、減少壽命週期的整體操作維護成本、延長每次出海的連續作業時間。在2006年7月13日，西班牙海軍與納凡提亞集團（Navantia）簽署合約，購買四艘BAM巡邏艦，由該集團位於聖費南多的Puerto Real船廠建造。首艦 流星號（Meteoro P-41）在2007年10月4日開始安放龍骨，2009年10月16日下水，2010年底交付；後續三艘的建造期程便加快許多，在2009至2010年間開工，2010至2011年間下水。 在2010年9月，西班牙政府又跟納凡提亞簽約，增購地二批四艘流星級。
流星級的艦體設計簡潔俐落，具有一定的雷達匿蹤能力；艦體設計強調在廣泛海象下的操作條件，兩側設有穩定鰭，在5至6級海象下仍能有效運作。流星級的船艛 正面大幅傾斜，兩具煙囪位於船艛末段機庫兩側，其後為直昇機起降甲板；艦尾甲板是一個收容操作區，可設置反污染或海洋研究裝備的模組艙，並配備一具用來收 放裝備的起重機。為了達成最佳的燃料消耗經濟性， 流星級採用新開發的複合柴油機或電力（Combined Diesel Or Electric，CODOE）推進系統，包括兩套總功率4500KW（6034馬力）的柴油發電機組（每個機組由一具MTU 12V2000G25柴油主機與兩具功率各660KW發電機組成，共有兩具柴油主機與四具發電機）、一具功率260KW（350馬力）的輔助發電機組、兩 具功率各750KW（1005馬力）的Bazan Bravo推進電機組成，帶動雙軸可變距螺旋槳，最高航速約20.5節，航速15節時續航力8000海里，能持續在海上操作35至40天。
除了用於水面巡邏監視的正規偵測與武器裝備之外，流星級還可裝置其他的任務籌載，包括支援特種部隊的潛水加壓設施、污染控制裝備、快速環境評估裝備或醫療設施等等。流星級編制35名人員，必要時可另外增加五名人員；此外，艦上還能容納另外35名人員。武裝方面， 流星級艦首設置一門OTO-Breda 76mm 62倍徑快砲，此外還有兩座Montajes生產的MK-38 25mm自動機砲以及兩挺12.7mm機槍，用於近距離水面交戰。艦上可容納一架NH-90等級的10噸級中型直昇機。
El patrullero oceánico Meteoro P-41 llega al Arsenal Militar ,2011-08-22
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